Procidentia is the full prolapse of the uterus above the stage of the hymen distally, causing the uterus (or pelvic vault in the absence of a uterus) to protrude indefinitely out of the vagina.
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is characterised as the symptomatic descent of one or all of the following: the anterior vaginal wall, the posterior vaginal wall, or the apex of the vagina (cervix/uterus) or vault (cuff) following hysterectomy, according to the International Continence Society's (ICS) 2009 description and standardisation nomenclature. In practise, it corresponds to a caudal displacement of the female pelvic organs as a consequence of weakened vaginal and uterine supportive tissues, culminating in pelvic organ extrusion into the genital hiatus. Numerous methods for quantifying the magnitude of POP have been established, but only one system has been validated for inter- and intra-observer reproducibility, namely the POP quantification (POP-Q) ICS quantification system.
According to Scandinavian research involving asymptomatic women invited for review, 55% of women aged 40–49 years had POP of greater than grade two in at least one compartment upon inspection.
1 41% of women aged 50 to 79 years in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) survey had POP, with 34% developing a cystocele, 19% having a rectocele, and 12% having uterine prolapse. According to studies conducted in the United States of America on POP procedures, one of every nine women would need surgery by the age of 80. However, since many women may not seek medical attention, the disease prevalence in the community is almost certainly underestimated. Procidentia treatment without surgery is offered by the best hospitals.
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